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考研英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)經(jīng)典句解析十六

來(lái)源: 時(shí)間:2009-04-23 15:33:50
1. Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it , passing from a sovereign people to compatriots with newly arriving settlers to , finally ,a conquered people – a charter minority on our own land.
  現(xiàn)在我們必須也按照我們墨西哥裔的美國(guó)人的經(jīng)歷來(lái)審視這個(gè)文化,我們的經(jīng)歷是從一個(gè)主權(quán)的民族變成了新來(lái)的定居者的同胞,在比較終淪落成為一個(gè)被征服的民族——在我們自己的土地上的契約的少數(shù)民族。難句類(lèi)型:復(fù)雜修飾、插入語(yǔ)、固定搭配
  解釋?zhuān)褐骶渲械腶s we Mexican Americans have experienced it 是examine的狀語(yǔ),說(shuō)明審視的角度;后面直至句尾的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)又是experience的狀語(yǔ),詳述了經(jīng)歷的具體過(guò)程。就是這個(gè)分詞有些難懂,因?yàn)槲覀兪熘慕Y(jié)構(gòu)是from…to…沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò),也沒(méi)有想到過(guò)后面居然還有一個(gè)to,因此看到這個(gè)套了一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)的newly arriving settlers to , finally, a conquered people的時(shí)候頭腦發(fā)生混亂,不明所以、不知所措。這里的to還是與前面的from搭配的,也就是說(shuō),原文的結(jié)構(gòu)是from…to…to…
  意群訓(xùn)練:Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it , passing from a sovereign people to compatriots with newly arriving settlers to , finally ,a conquered people – a charter minority on our own land.
  2. It is possible to make specific complementary DNA’s (cDNA’s)that can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger RNA’s (mRNA’s)of the peptide hormones. If brain cells are making the hormones,the cells will contain these Mrna’S. If the products the brain cells make resemble the hormones but are not identical to them,then the cDNA’s should still bind to these mRNA’s,but should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNA’s for the true hormones.
  科學(xué)家可以制造出特異的(specific)互補(bǔ)DNA’s(cDNA’s),以此作為分子探子(molecular probe),探覓出肽激素的信使RNA’s(mRNA’s)。如果大腦正在制造著肽激素,則細(xì)胞就會(huì)含有這些信使RNA’s.假若細(xì)胞所制造的產(chǎn)品類(lèi)似于肽激素但并非與這些肽激素全然相同,那么,互補(bǔ)cDNA’s應(yīng)仍然和這些信使mDNA’s粘結(jié)的程度。含有這些mRNA’s的腦細(xì)胞然后就可以被分離開(kāi)來(lái),研究者可對(duì)其信使RNA’s進(jìn)行解碼,以確定它們的蛋白質(zhì)產(chǎn)品究竟是什么,并確定這些蛋白質(zhì)產(chǎn)品在何種程度上類(lèi)似于真正的肽激素。
  難句類(lèi)型:易混詞
  解釋?zhuān)号c其他的難句不同的是,心上的英文不止一句。筆者之所以在本句中不設(shè)標(biāo)志和翻譯,是因?yàn)檫@三句話(huà)從結(jié)構(gòu)和意思上來(lái)說(shuō)并不難。然而很少有人能夠真正的一次把這段話(huà)讀清楚,原因在于兩個(gè)容易混淆的單詞cDNA’s和mRNA’s在文中交替出現(xiàn),而且相互作用;再加上brain cell和hormones從中搗亂,更難讀清楚原文的意思。原文的主要意思如下:可以用cDNA’s來(lái)探測(cè)mRNA’s。如果腦細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生了荷爾蒙,則其中必有mRNA’s意味著可用cDNA探測(cè)荷爾蒙。如果腦細(xì)胞制造的不是真荷爾蒙,則可以用cDNA’s與其中的mRNA’s附著的情況來(lái)確定此荷爾蒙的真假。
  意群訓(xùn)練:It is possible to make specific complementary DNA’s (cDNA’s)that can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger RNA’s (mRNA’s)of the peptide hormones. If brain cells are making the hormones,the cells will contain these Mrna’S. If the products the brain cells make resemble the hormones but are not identical to them,then the cDNA’s should still bind to these mRNA’s,but should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNA’s for the true hormones.
  3. The molecular approach to detecting peptide hormones using cDNA probes should also be much faster than the immunological method because it can take years of tedious purifications to isolate peptide hormones and then develop antiserums to them.
  采用cDNA探子來(lái)測(cè)定肽激素的這一分子生物學(xué)方法同時(shí)也應(yīng)該比免疫學(xué)的方法速度來(lái)得快,因?yàn)閷?duì)于免疫的方法來(lái)說(shuō),需耗費(fèi)好幾年枯燥的提純進(jìn)程,方能將肽素分離了出來(lái),然后再培養(yǎng)出針對(duì)它們的抗血清。難句類(lèi)型:復(fù)雜修飾、易混指代
  解釋?zhuān)褐髡Z(yǔ)后的修飾成分同樣隔開(kāi)了主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ),但本句的難度主要在because從句中。按照一般的習(xí)慣,作為從句主語(yǔ)的it應(yīng)該指主句的主語(yǔ),但本句的主句是一個(gè)比較結(jié)構(gòu),A should be faster than B because it…,此處it也可以指B。但是因?yàn)檫@種指代不符合和我們以前所形成的習(xí)慣,所以閱讀現(xiàn)場(chǎng)不得不邊讀邊根據(jù)句意來(lái)判斷,這就增加了閱讀理解的難度。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)閱讀時(shí),類(lèi)似antiserums的這種專(zhuān)有名詞不必理會(huì),僅需從詞頭anti推出這是一個(gè)反p荷爾蒙的東西即可。
  意群訓(xùn)練:The molecular approach to detecting peptide hormones using cDNA probes should also be much faster than the immunological method because it can take years of tedious purifications to isolate peptide hormones and then develop antiserums to them.
結(jié)束

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