Text 2
A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so called digital divide—the division of the world into the info(information)rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.
There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we’ve ever had.
Of course, the use of the Internet isn’t the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.
To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anticolonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society)in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn’t have the capital to do so. And that is why America’s Second Wave infrastructure—including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on—were built with foreign investment. The English, the German, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain’s former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you’re going to be. That doesn’t mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.
55.Digital divide is something.
[A]getting worse because of the Internet[B]the rich countries are responsible for
[C]the world must guard against[D]considered positive today
56.Governments attach importance to the Internet because it .
[A]offers economic potentials[B]can bring foreign funds
[C]can soon wipe out world poverty[D]connects people all over the world
57.The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of .
[A]providing financial support overseas[B]preventing foreign capital’s control
[C]building industrial infrastructure[D]accepting foreign investment
58.It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on .
[A]how well developed it is electronically
[B]whether it is prejudiced against immigrants
[C]whether it adopts America’s industrial pattern
[D]how much control it has over foreign corporations
核心詞匯:
attach[E5tAtF]v.系,貼,裝,連接;使成為一部分;使依戀(at+tach→釘子→附上)
attention[E5tenFEn]n.注意,注意力;立正;特別照顧;照料(at+tent+ion名詞后綴→思維伸展出去→注意)
colony[5kClEni]n.殖民地;僑民;聚居區(qū);(動(dòng)植物的)群體
combat[5kCmbAt]v./n.戰(zhàn)斗,搏斗,格斗(com共同+bal打,擊→共同→共同打→戰(zhàn)斗)
divide[di5vaid]v.分,劃分,分開;分配;(by)除(di分開+vid+e分開)
enormous[i5nC:mEs]a.巨大的; 極大的(e出+norm規(guī)則,規(guī)范+ous形容詞后綴→出了正常狀態(tài)→巨大的,過分的)
finance[5fainAns]n.財(cái)政,金融v.為……提供資金(fin+ance→比較后起作用的東西→資金)
foundation[faun5deiFEn]n.建立,設(shè)立,創(chuàng)辦;地基;基金,捐款;機(jī)構(gòu)(found基礎(chǔ)+ation名詞后綴→基礎(chǔ),地基)
impoverish[im5pCvEriF]v.使貧窮;使枯竭(im加強(qiáng)前綴+pover詞根+ish動(dòng)詞后綴);同根詞:poverty (貧窮)←pover+ty名詞后綴。
infrastructure[5infrE9strQktFE]n.基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施(infra內(nèi)+struct+ure名詞后綴→基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu))
invasion[in5veiVEn]n.入侵,侵略,侵犯(in+vas+ion名詞后綴)
investment[in5vestmEnt]n.投資,投資額
loom[lu:m]n.織布機(jī),織機(jī)v.隱現(xiàn),(危險(xiǎn)、憂慮等)迫近
prejudice[5predVudis]n.偏見,成見;損害,侵害v.使抱偏見,損害(pre預(yù)先+judice→預(yù)先判斷→偏見)
respect[ris5pekt]n./v.尊敬,尊重n.敬意,問候,關(guān)系,方面(re再+spect→反復(fù)看→尊敬)
responsible[ris5pCnsEbl]a.承擔(dān)責(zé)任;(指人)可靠的, 可信賴的(response回應(yīng)+ible形容詞后綴→能回應(yīng)的→負(fù)責(zé)任的)
sovereignty[5sCvrinti]n.主權(quán);主權(quán)國(guó)家(sover+(r)eign+ty),sover(=over)在上,reign統(tǒng)治,ty名詞后綴,在上面統(tǒng)治; sovereign(統(tǒng)治的;統(tǒng)治者)←sover+(r)eign。
universal[ju:ni5vE:sEl]a.普遍的,全體的,通用的;宇宙的,世界的(univers+al形容詞后綴);universalize(v.使普遍化)即universal+ize
難句分析:
難句1 As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are.
[分析]此句主干是“...It is in the interest of business to do sth....”,句中前面as引導(dǎo)的是伴隨狀語(yǔ),而非原因狀語(yǔ),要理解為“隨著”,而非“因?yàn)椤。破折?hào)后面的部分是進(jìn)一步解釋說明前面的主句。
[譯文]隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的日趨商業(yè)化,上網(wǎng)普及對(duì)商家是有利的——畢竟,上網(wǎng)人數(shù)越多,未來的客戶就越多。
難句2 To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anticolonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment.
[分析]此句主干是“...some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anticolonial prejudices...”。前面的不定式可以被看成是一個(gè)目的狀語(yǔ)。
[譯文]要想利用因特網(wǎng),某些貧困國(guó)家必須克服對(duì)國(guó)外投資所持的過時(shí)了的反殖民的種種偏見。
難句3 The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you’re going to be.
[分析]此句用了the more... the more...的句型。逗號(hào)之間的which today is an electronic infrastructure是Third Wave infrastructure的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
[譯文]你擁有的去建造第三次浪潮基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施(今天主要指電子基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)的外國(guó)資金越多,那么你的情況就越好。
文章類型:時(shí)文——信息科學(xué)
本篇文章談?wù)摂?shù)字鴻溝(digital divide)這一概念,并說明在世界范圍內(nèi)普及因特網(wǎng)(Internet)可以從技術(shù)角度縮小數(shù)字鴻溝。
試題解析:
55. 數(shù)字差異是的某種東西。
[A] 因?yàn)橐蛱鼐W(wǎng)而變得更糟[B] 富裕國(guó)家應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé)
[C] 全世界必須提防[D] 如今被認(rèn)為是積極的
細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題【正確答案】[C]
定位在第一段數(shù)字鴻溝(digital divide)將把整個(gè)世界分為信息豐富地區(qū)和信息貧乏地區(qū)。20年前作者和其妻子就已經(jīng)開始在演講中討論這種隱隱呈現(xiàn)的危險(xiǎn)(looming danger),這里的danger指的就是digital divide。對(duì)于危險(xiǎn)自然應(yīng)當(dāng)防御(work against),所以選擇[C]項(xiàng)。
56. 政府重視因特網(wǎng),因?yàn)橐蛱鼐W(wǎng)
[A] 提供經(jīng)濟(jì)潛力。[B] 能夠帶來外國(guó)投資。
[C] 能夠很快消除世界貧窮。[D] 把世界各地的人們連接起來。
細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題【正確答案】[A]
首先根據(jù)題干中的Internet和Governments定位至第二段第三句。從中可以看出越來越多政府推廣因特網(wǎng)的直接原因是怕(在經(jīng)濟(jì)上)“落后”于其他國(guó)家,其潛臺(tái)詞就是因特網(wǎng)擁有巨大的(經(jīng)濟(jì))潛能(enormous potential),所以選擇[A]項(xiàng)。
57. 作者提到美國(guó)這個(gè)例子,是為了證明的政策是正確的。
[A] 向國(guó)外提供經(jīng)濟(jì)援助[B] 防止外國(guó)資本的控制
[C] 建立工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施[D] 接受外國(guó)投資
例證題【正確答案】[D]
在第四段中,作者引用美國(guó)的例子是為了說明首句,因此可以判斷考點(diǎn)在首句,即“要想利用因特網(wǎng),某些貧困國(guó)家必須克服對(duì)國(guó)外投資所持的過時(shí)了的反殖民的種種偏見”,只有[D]項(xiàng)符合題意。
58. 現(xiàn)在看來,一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)非常依賴于
[A] 它在電子方面的發(fā)展程度多高。[B] 它是否歧視移民。
[C] 它是否采用美國(guó)的產(chǎn)業(yè)模式。[D] 它在多大程度上控制著外企。
細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題【正確答案】 [A]
定位在比較后一段,該段中間有一例證,可以縮小考點(diǎn)范圍,把比較后一段中涉及例子的內(nèi)容排除。在該段落剩下的內(nèi)容中,找與題干“economy”相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)倒數(shù)第三句中有better off,確認(rèn)它就是答案所在的句子,“引進(jìn)用于修建電子基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的外國(guó)資金越多,那么你的情況就越好!币虼诉x擇[A]項(xiàng)。
全文翻譯:
今天,人們十分關(guān)注所謂的數(shù)字分化問題——世界上信息資源豐富的地區(qū)和信息資源貧乏的地區(qū)之間的差異;這個(gè)差異確實(shí)存在,我和我妻子20年前就曾談及這種隱約的危險(xiǎn)。然而,那時(shí)還不太明顯的是一些抵制數(shù)字分化的、新的積極因素。實(shí)際上我們是完全有理由感到樂觀的。
第一段:指出雖然信息資源豐富與信息資源貧乏國(guó)之間存在著巨大差異,然而仍然有理由保持樂觀。
一些技術(shù)上的因素使我們有理由期望差異會(huì)縮小。隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的日趨商業(yè)化,上網(wǎng)普及對(duì)商家是有利的——畢竟,上網(wǎng)人數(shù)越多,未來的客戶就越多。越來越多的政府,惟恐自己的國(guó)家落后,紛紛推廣因特網(wǎng)的普及。一、二十年之內(nèi),全球?qū)⒂幸欢畠|人進(jìn)入因特網(wǎng)。因此,我認(rèn)為在未來的數(shù)年中,數(shù)字分化將縮小而不會(huì)變大。那是好消息,因?yàn)榛ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)很可能成為我們消除所面臨的貧困的比較強(qiáng)有效的工具。
第二段:表明這種國(guó)與國(guó)之間的差距會(huì)因互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展而慢慢消除。
當(dāng)然,使用因特網(wǎng)不是惟一消滅貧困的方法。因特網(wǎng)也不是我們所擁有的惟一工具,但它卻有巨大的潛力。
第三段:指出雖然互聯(lián)網(wǎng)不是消除貧困的惟一工具,但卻有著巨大的潛力。
要想利用因特網(wǎng),某些貧困國(guó)家必須克服對(duì)國(guó)外投資所持的過時(shí)了的反殖民的種種偏見。那些認(rèn)為外國(guó)投資是對(duì)本國(guó)主權(quán)的侵犯的國(guó)家比較好還是研究一下美國(guó)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施(社會(huì)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ))建設(shè)歷史。當(dāng)初美國(guó)建設(shè)自己的工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施時(shí),缺乏必要的資金,因此美國(guó)的第二次浪潮,即基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)——包括公路、港口,高速公路、港口城市等等——都是用國(guó)外資金建造的。英國(guó)人、德國(guó)人、荷蘭人和法國(guó)人都在前英國(guó)殖民地投資。他們提供資金,美洲移民建造。想想看,現(xiàn)在誰(shuí)擁有這一切?美國(guó)人。我想,在這件事上,像巴西或其他任何地方同樣也該這樣。你擁有的去建造第三次浪潮基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施(今天主要指電子基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)的外國(guó)資金越多,那么你的情況就越好。這并不是說卑躬屈膝,任人愚弄,也不是對(duì)外國(guó)公司不加控制。但這的確意味著你已認(rèn)識(shí)到外國(guó)公司對(duì)本國(guó)能源及通信基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的重要性,這些基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施是充分利用因特網(wǎng)所必要的。
第四段:從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)出發(fā),指出貧困國(guó)要改變對(duì)外來投資的不良印象。
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