人口增長(zhǎng)對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的影響（99年真題）

　　[2.圖畫(huà)/圖表描述段] From these graphs, we can draw a conclusion that, with the growth of human population, the number of species has decreased rapidly in America, and some species have even vanished from our planet.

　　[6.原因列軍段]Why does this phenomenon appear? There are several possible reasons for this. Above all, as the human population grows rapidly, a growing number of people came to live where some wild species have been living. Then these species have to move to other places. Some of them probably can not adapt to the new environment and die. In addition, although many people look on the wildlife as their friends, some people may not think so. They catch a lot of wild animals and sell them in order to get more money. Even worse(壞)/More importantly(好), as the result（中性） /consequence（貶義）of the industry, the natural balance and the ecologic environment are destroyed. The clear cutting has become increasingly serious. So some of the wildlife become homeless and extinct.

　　[10.建議措施段]In order to protect the wildlife, I have some suggestions. First, the governments should make laws to prevent them from being caught and killed. Second, the governments should educate people to love nature and protect it. Third, as for ourselves, we should take practical actions to protect our living environment.

　　煙草生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)（01年大綱樣題）

　　[1.現(xiàn)象/現(xiàn)狀說(shuō)明段]The majority of people would agree that cigarette smoking has caused serious problems. But the tobacco companies insist that they contribute greatly to the world economy by paying taxes to the government and employing hundreds of workers.

　　[4.利弊說(shuō)明段]Personally, I believe that cigarette production and consumption threatens to do more harm than good. Firstly, smoking is responsible for many fatal diseases such as lung cancer, heart diseases and so on. According to the survey, tobacco consumers account for about 20% of the world population, and among them, three million people die from smoking-related diseases every year. The fact that the output of tobacco production is reduced from 143.64 billion pounds in 1994 to 142 billion pounds in 1995 also suggests that people have come to realize the negative effects of smoking. Secondly, tobacco consumption is extremely wasteful of money. As is indicated in the pictures, 200 billion US dollars is lost due to smoking each year. Obviously, the total loss of money around the globe substantially exceeds the gain in the industry.

　　[8.歸納結(jié)論段]In conclusion, as the economic development aims at making our life better, we cannot sacrifice our health for short-term financial benefits. If we have to spend more and more money providing medical services for those who suffer from smoking-related illnesses, the notion of promoting economy via tobacco production is not justifiable. It is high time that we fought for the total tobacco ban.

　　日用花銷統(tǒng)計(jì)

　　Statistics in People's Daily Expenses in Xi'an

　　YearItem 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

　　Food 66% 61% 48% 41% 36%

　　Clothing 9% 10% 12% 15% 18%

　　Recreation 4% 5% 8% 9% 11%

　　[2.圖畫(huà)/圖表描述段]What is shown in the table above indicates that dramatic changes have taken place in the daily expenses in Xi' an from 1995 to 1999. The expenses on food have declined by 30% while those on clothing and recreation have increased respectively by 9% and 7%. The statistics of rise and fall seem to exist in isolation but closely related to one another.

　　[6.原因列軍段]There are two factors accounting for these changes. Development in economy is an essential one in the five years. The increased income resulting from economic growth plays an important part in the less expense on food. Hence, a small percentage of total income is enough to cover food expense. Another one is the changes in life style. When food presents no worry to the average, people begin to focus more of interest on handsome appearance and happy leisure time. As a result of such a shift, spending on clothing and recreation increased year after year.

　　[9.趨勢(shì)預(yù)測(cè)段]From the analyses made above, we may come to the conclusion that people's living standards in Xi' an have been constantly improved between 1995 and 1999. With the further growth in economy and more changes in life style, the tendency indicated in the table will continue in the table will continue in the better direction.