1.  In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to "push" information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers.

【譯文】然而在去年，軟件公司已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)出了新的技術(shù)，這些技術(shù)使得公司可以將信息直接“推”給消費(fèi)者，即直接把營(yíng)銷(xiāo)信息傳送給特定客戶(hù)。

【析句】在這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中，賓語(yǔ)tools帶了一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾tools。在定語(yǔ)從句中，transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明push information to consumer這種技術(shù)。

【講詞】target既是名詞，意為"目標(biāo)，對(duì)象，靶子"；也可作動(dòng)詞，意為"以......為目標(biāo)"。targeted customers意為"目標(biāo)客戶(hù)"或"特定客戶(hù)"。The violence was largely targeted on the ethnic minorities in that country.（這一暴力事件主要針對(duì)該國(guó)的少數(shù)族群。）

2. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request.

【譯文】網(wǎng)上文化推崇這樣一個(gè)概念，即在你提出具體的要求之后，信息才會(huì)出現(xiàn)在屏幕上。

【析句】這個(gè)句子的主句是Online culture thinks highly of the notion，that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句解釋的就是notion的內(nèi)容。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)（flowing onto the screen）修飾從句的主語(yǔ)information。

【講詞】to think highly of意為"高度評(píng)價(jià)，贊揚(yáng)"。Think highly of yourself,for the world takes you at your own estimate.（你要高看自己，因?yàn)閯e人會(huì)根據(jù)你對(duì)自己的評(píng)價(jià)來(lái)看待你。）The president thinks highly of his visit to the country.（總統(tǒng)高度評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)該國(guó)的訪問(wèn)。）notion意為"概念；觀念；想法"。Keynesian notion of functional finance is still highly regarded nowadays.（凱恩斯的功能財(cái)政觀念至今仍然備受推崇。）另外，have a good notion of意為"很懂得"，have a notion that...表示"認(rèn)為"，have no notion of表示"不明白；完全不懂"。