2013年研究生入學考試已經正式開戰(zhàn)了。上午政治的考試還在如火如荼地進行中。文都考研編輯在這里為下午備戰(zhàn)英語的考生提供一些關于寫作的應急策略，相信一定能幫到你!

　　很多同學在寫英語作文時都感覺自己的詞匯量實在是太少了，很多難詞記不住，想表達內心的想法時遇到了瓶頸，不知如何下筆，以至于浪費了不少寶貴的時間。其實我們也可以用有限的詞匯寫出精彩的作文，請看下面：

　　一、換用籠統(tǒng)詞

　　詞大體可分為兩類：籠統(tǒng)詞和具體詞�；\統(tǒng)詞的特點在于意義廣泛、搭配性強。雖然它們獨自不能精確表達一個動作，但在構成詞組以后可替代很多具體詞。寫作中遇到一些具體詞寫不出來的時候，用籠統(tǒng)詞取代，能收到異曲同工之妙。比較常用的籠統(tǒng)詞有 have，take等。

　　例：邁克經歷了一個極其艱苦的時代。Mike experienced a terrible hard time.寫作時，若忘記了experience可用籠統(tǒng)詞have代替，寫成Mike had a terrible hard time.同樣能收到預期效果。這樣的例子還很多。如：

　　Do you understand my meaning, sir? = Do you take my meaning, sir?

　　I will preside over the meeting. = I will take the meeting.

　　I will subscribe to the local newspaper. = I will take the local newspaper.

　　They occupied the city. = They took the city.

　　The boy resembles his father. = The boy takes after his father.

　　從以上的例句不難看出，具體詞音節(jié)較多，使用頻率不高，容易遺忘，而籠統(tǒng)詞則不然。因此，在作文應試中，籠統(tǒng)詞取代具體詞，不失為一種應急良策。

　　二、換用同義詞、反義詞等相關詞匯

　　遇到未曾學過的詞或一時想不起的詞時，可采用發(fā)散性思維，發(fā)揮想象力，盡可能想出與之有關的同義詞、反義詞，利用語言的內在聯(lián)系、多層次、多角度地運用語言，使單詞受阻現(xiàn)象得以解決。

　　例：昨晚李雷做了一場惡夢。

　　Li Lei had a nightmare last night.因nightmare使用率不高，不易記住。但其同義詞bad dream易記。上句可換譯為：Li Lei had a bad dream last night.

　　再如：The food is tasty.=The food is nice to eat.=The food is delicious.

　　We discontinued the work at nine.=We stopped the work at nine.

　　This woman is talkative.=This woman is never quiet.

　　This car is expensive.=This car is not cheap.

　　另外：

　　He is stupid. = He is foolish. = He is a fool. = He is silly.

　　The food is delicious. = The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat.

　　They discontinued the work at five. = They stopped the work at five.

　　His temper is nasty. = His temper is terrible. = He has a bad temper.

　　英語語言中詞與詞之間是有聯(lián)系的，詞與詞之間語義的“共核”現(xiàn)象即所謂的同義詞。豐富的同義詞給我們提供了極大的方便。

　　同樣，用其反義詞來取代某一遺忘了的詞也是可行的，請看下面的例子：

　　He is stubborn. = He is not tame.

　　The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.

　　This is expensive. = This is not cheap.

　　She is talkative. = She is never quiet.

　　三、換用迂回表達

　　當一個詞或某些信息表達起來有困難時，要充分利用語言本身詞匯豐富、句型多變等特點，進行迂回表達。因為任何一種表達形式，只要能達意便可接受。英語當中的功能解釋性語句，就可以起到這一作用。請看下面的句子：

　　例：1. 我從未見到過這樣頑固的人。

　　I've never seen such a stubborn person.=I've never seen such a person who never listens to other's advice.

　　2. 如果我們想得到文憑，我們必須首先通過考試。

　　If we want to obtain a diploma，we must first pass the exams.=If we want to get a graduation paper，we must first pass the exams.

　　3. 工廠里的煙囪(chimney)拔地而起。

　　High chimneys have appeared in the factories.=The factories are full of high chimneys.=A lot of high chimneys can be seen in the factories.

　　4. 他數(shù)學考試取得優(yōu)異成績，被大學錄取了。

　　He passed the math exam /succeeded in the math exam and became a college student.

　　5. 中午我們吃了野餐。

　　At noon we had a picnic.=At noon we had our lunch in the open air.

　　考研英語作文只要層次清晰，語法正確就能拿到較好的分數(shù)。所以同學們如果過于糾結于用一些自己難于掌握的大詞和難詞，往往花了時間，還得不到應有的效果。我們應該靈活地使用一些簡單易掌握的表達方式傳達我們豐富多彩的內容，以便比較大限度地發(fā)揮我們的英語水平。文都編輯在這里預�？佳袑W子們在13年的英語考場上放松心態(tài)，掌握技巧，穩(wěn)拿寫作高分!