北京大學(xué)2005新聞學(xué)傳播學(xué)中外文化綜合知識考研試題
招生專業(yè)：新聞學(xué)，傳播學(xué)
研究方向：國際新聞，國際傳播與文化交流
說明：答題一律寫在答題紙上（含填空題、選擇題等客觀題），寫在此頁上無效

I. Explain the following terms briefly in English：（30 points）

1. Impressionism(in arts)

2. Frankenstein(as a figure)

3. The Enlightnment

4. Guglielmo Maroni

5. E-Commerce

6. Nielsen sample(as in media research)

7. Deduction

8. D-Day

9. DNA

10. Odyssey

II. Give the full name of these terms：(10 points)

1. FCC

2. AIDS

3. HDTV

4. EQ

5. .B.C

III. Translate the following into English (25 points)
齊威王召即墨大夫，語之曰：“自子之居即墨也，毀言日至。然吾使人視即墨，田野辟，人民給，官無事，東方以寧；是子不事吾左右以求助也！”封之萬家。召阿大夫，語之曰：“自子收阿，譽言日至。吾使人視阿，田野不辟，人民貧餒。昔日趙攻yan，子不救；衛(wèi)取薛陵，子不知；是子厚幣事吾左右以求譽也！”是日，烹阿大夫及左右嘗譽者。于是群臣聳懼，莫敢布詐，務(wù)盡其情，齊國大治，強于天下。
《通鑒》卷1

IV. Translate thefollowing into English (25 points)
批評家應(yīng)該怎么樣幫助張藝謀
歐美票房大賣之后，《英雄》和《十面埋伏》就成了國內(nèi)批評界無法回避，又難以下咽的棘手難題。兩部影片的共同的蒼白和空洞，在中國的批評語境中有著不言自明的“原罪”。而歐美等海外觀眾的追捧，卻給這種不證自明的評價體系和評價方式，提出了不得不考慮的另一個角度。
《英雄》和《十面埋伏》在國內(nèi)外、圈內(nèi)外反差巨大的評價，也絕非藝術(shù)與商業(yè)之爭那么簡單。張藝謀在國內(nèi)外、圈內(nèi)外之間如此不能兩全，除了造成他自己的創(chuàng)作處于尷尬和分裂的狀態(tài)之外，更證明了在國內(nèi)外、圈內(nèi)外的電影觀念和審美標(biāo)準之間，存在著多么巨大的差異。這樣的差異不但給張藝謀帶來尷尬，其實也一直是中國電影人的普遍困惑。批評家若能為這種差異找到真正的成因，將為包括張藝謀在內(nèi)的中國電影人提供巨大的幫助。
（摘自《北京青年報》2004年11月11日張?zhí)煳?文）

V. Writing （choose 2 topics,30 points each）
1. Finish the essay in about 300 words
For those as yet unfamiliar with the terms Voice Messaging System or Touch-Tone-Response System, they refer to those irritating and impersonal menu options one receives with a call to almost any toll-free number and an increasing number of institutions. You know the ones,” … for the option even minutely resembling your inquiry, press 73.” As annoyingly comic as these systems may seem, they are representative of a dangerous trend in the reduction of basic human interaction under the guise of efficiency and progress.
… …

2. Finish the essay in about 300 words:
We often assume that anyone who knows two languages can be a translator or an interpreter. Research shows, however, that high levels of fluency in two languages do not necessarily make someone a good translator, or interpreter. The task obviously requires the knowledge of two languages, but that’s not enough.
… …

3. Write a short essay, using the following outline：(within 400 words)
What is Communication?
1. Communication is a process, not a product;
2. Communication is a set of constructed meanings;
3. Communication involves the use of shared symbols;
4. Communication is both verbal and nonverbal.