2011年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試閱讀提高訓(xùn)練(5)

來源：育路教育網(wǎng)發(fā)布時(shí)間：2011-12-09

　　from childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us.when humans first 1 , they were like newborn children, unable to use this 2 tool.yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind�餾 future 3 and cultural growth increased.
　　many linguists believe that evolution is 4 for our ability to produce and use language.they 5 that our highly evolved brain provides us 6 an innate language ability not found in lower 7 . proponents of this innateness theory say that our 8 for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, 9 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood.therefore there are critical 10 times for language development.
　　current 11 of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 12 , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 13 grades.young children often can learn several languages by being 14 to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 15 of their first language have become firmly fixed.
　　16 some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum.children who have been 17 from other human beings do not possess language.this demonstrates that 18 with other human beings isnecessary for proper language development.some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 19 than any innate capacities.these theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. 20 , children learn language from their parents by imitating them.parents gradually shape their child’s language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.
　　1.a.generated b.evolved c.born d.originated
　　2.a.valuable b.appropriate c.convenient d.favorite
　　3.a.attainments b.feasibilityc.entertainments d.evolution
　　4.a.essential b.available c.reliable d.responsible
　　5.a.confirm b.inform c.claim d.convince
　　6.a.for b.from c.of d.with
　　7.a.organizations b.organisms c.humans d.children
　　8.a.potential b.performance c.preference d.passion
　　9.a.as b.just as c.like d.unlike
　　10.a.ideological b.biologicalc.social d.psychological
　　11.a.reviews b.referencec.reaction d.recommendation
　　12.a.in a word b.in a sense
　　c.indeed d.in other words
　　13.a.various b.different c.the higher d.the lower
　　14.a.revealed b.exposed c.engaged d.involved
　　15.a.regulations b.formationsc.rules d.constitutions
　　16.a.although b.whether c.since d.when
　　17.a.distinguished b.different c.protected d.isolated
　　18.a.exposition b.comparison c.contrastd.interaction
　　19.a.acquisition b.appreciation c.requirementd.alternative
　　20.a.as a result b.after allc.in other words d.above all
　　1.【答案】b2.【答案】a
　　3.【答案】a 【解析】此處意思是：語言的發(fā)展增加了人類未來的成就和文化進(jìn)步的可能性。attainments成就；feasibility可行性；entertainments娛樂；evolution進(jìn)化。
　　4.【答案】d6.【答案】d
　　5.【答案】c
　　【解析】根據(jù)語法分析,空格后應(yīng)是一個(gè)賓語從句，而a，b，d三項(xiàng)后都不能接從句做直接賓語。confirm(確認(rèn))+名詞；inform(通知)sb.of sth.；convince(使某人確信) sb.of sth.
　　7.【答案】b【解析】此處意為：我們高度發(fā)達(dá)的大腦是我們具備了其它低等動(dòng)物所不具備的語言能力。顯然，這里是把人和低等動(dòng)物相比較。因此選organisms有機(jī)體，生物體。
　　8.【答案】a 【解析】此句意思是：人類的語言能力是與生俱來的，但語言本身也在逐漸發(fā)展，所以這種能力應(yīng)該是潛在的。potential潛力；performance履行；preference偏愛；passion激情。
　　9.【答案】a 10.【答案】b
　　11.【答案】a 【解析】此處意為：目前人們對(duì)“先天論”評(píng)論觀點(diǎn)不一，但是支持某些天生能力的證據(jù)卻是確鑿無疑的。reviews評(píng)論；reference參考；reaction反應(yīng)；recommendation推薦。
　　12.【答案】c 【解析】從11題可看出，作者是傾向于先天論的，為了進(jìn)一步證明先天論是有道理的，作者選擇了以學(xué)校為例加以說明，因此這里應(yīng)填一個(gè)表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的詞indeed(甚至)。
　　13.【答案】d【解析】此處意思是：越來越多的學(xué)校發(fā)現(xiàn)在什么年級(jí)學(xué)外語較容易，根據(jù)常識(shí)(低年級(jí)學(xué)外語較容易)以及后文的young children often can learn several languages by being 14 to them, while adults…可以選定答案。
　　14.【答案】b15.【答案】c 16.【答案】a
　　17.【答案】d 【解析】此句意為：與人隔絕的兒童不能掌握好一門語言。isolated孤立的，與人隔絕的；distinguished區(qū)別的，杰出的；different不同的；protected受到保護(hù)的。

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