2006
46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected the activity of thinking in Socratic(蘇格拉底) way about moral problems as his primary duty and pleasure in life .
評(píng)析: 本句比較大的特色是謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)之間存在插入的介詞短語(yǔ)成份,也就是在elected 之后用了一個(gè)非常?嫉腶s,不解決這一層,這個(gè)句子會(huì)非常不好理解,下一句的考點(diǎn)也很類似本句。
難點(diǎn): as 一直管制到in life,而 the activityof thinking 是真實(shí)的賓語(yǔ)。
重點(diǎn): as 在考研英語(yǔ)中有3個(gè)?嫉囊馑迹
1像...一樣
2.與...同時(shí)
3.因?yàn)椤?/p>
翻譯: 我將把知識(shí)分子定義為這樣的人,他把以蘇格拉底的方式去思考道德問(wèn)題作為人生首要的責(zé)任和樂(lè)趣。
(47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing the course of reasoning which led him to his decision in as obvious a manner as possible.
In the manner
By doing sth 方式狀語(yǔ)
以。。。的方式
評(píng)析: 這句的長(zhǎng)定語(yǔ)從句不是很難理解,但是revealing的賓語(yǔ)和46句一樣,都會(huì)使人難以識(shí)別,如果知道介詞的賓語(yǔ)是manner,此句問(wèn)題就不大了。
難點(diǎn): in...manner是“以...的方式”的意思,一般放在動(dòng)詞的前面去翻譯,狀語(yǔ)要位于動(dòng)詞之前。
重點(diǎn):理清修飾reveal的頭緒,使得整句可以得到較清晰的版本。
翻譯:他的功能和法官相似,必須接受以盡可能清晰的方式去說(shuō)明使自己得出結(jié)論的推導(dǎo)過(guò)程的義務(wù)。
如果覺(jué)得這個(gè)定語(yǔ) 太長(zhǎng),也可以這樣翻譯:
他的功能和法官的功能很相似,他們都必須接受一種義務(wù),以盡可能清晰的方式去說(shuō)明自己得出結(jié)論的推導(dǎo)過(guò)程。
48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.
評(píng)析: 本句主要是while后面這句話要翻得清晰,he后面這句話是一個(gè)否定強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu),如果沒(méi)處理好很難通順.
難點(diǎn):contribute to the solution of moral problems
主要是修飾solution,
否定強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu): not...any but, but也可以等于only
重點(diǎn):理解強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)目的在于襯托后文的factual aspescts
翻譯:我將一般科學(xué)家排除在外是因?yàn),雖則他的成就也許有助于道德問(wèn)題的解決,但是他從未有義務(wù)去研究那些問(wèn)題事實(shí)層面以外的任何東西。
Tolerant 寬容 包容
49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
適當(dāng)使用一些成語(yǔ)
評(píng)析: 本句的考點(diǎn)還是否定結(jié)構(gòu),不過(guò)這次不是強(qiáng)調(diào),而是否定類比結(jié)構(gòu)。
難點(diǎn):否定類比:not...any more than
重點(diǎn):后半句還要注意is expected to dedicate his energies 不要翻成歐化中文
翻譯:但是他的主要任務(wù)不是去思考管制他行為的道德法則,就像商人無(wú)需殫精竭慮的去探索商業(yè)行為守則一樣。
(50) They may teach very well , and more than earn their salaries ,but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.
評(píng)析: but后面的修飾關(guān)系圍繞一個(gè)詞:reflection,那么必須注意講的通順,
難點(diǎn):reflection是思考的意思,很容易錯(cuò)為反映的意思。
重點(diǎn):修飾關(guān)系的順序必須先翻后面,再翻前面。
翻譯:他們也許教的很好,也不僅僅是為了掙錢,但是他們中的大多數(shù),很少或從未就涉及道德判斷的人類問(wèn)題作出獨(dú)立思考。
他有意識(shí)的,清晰而直白的去探索這些問(wèn)題,首先通過(guò)提出事實(shí)問(wèn)題,其次通過(guò)提出道德問(wèn)題,比較后在他已知的道德和事實(shí)信息的啟發(fā)下,提出似乎合適的行動(dòng)(來(lái)探索這些問(wèn)題)。
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